What do you need to configure to set up a VPN tunnel?

To establish a VPN tunnel, both static routes and Phase 1 and Phase 2 settings are essential components.

Phase 1 settings involve the initial establishment of a secure connection between the two endpoints of the VPN. This phase includes parameters such as the authentication method (e.g., pre-shared key or certificates), encryption algorithms, and key lifetimes. Ensuring that these settings are correctly configured is crucial for the tunnel to be initiated successfully.

Following Phase 1, Phase 2 settings are configured, focusing on the specifics of the data traffic that will traverse the VPN tunnel. This includes defining the security parameters of the data packets, such as IPsec settings and what subnets will be allowed through the tunnel. This phase essentially secures the ongoing communication once the tunnel is established.

Additionally, static routes are required to direct traffic intended for the remote network through the VPN tunnel. Without these routes, the firewall would not know where to send the traffic, which is vital for establishing a functional VPN connection.

Thus, to properly set up a VPN tunnel, both the Phase 1 and Phase 2 settings, alongside the necessary static routes, must be configured, justifying the selection of the answer that indicates both components are required. User credentials alone would