How does FortiGate categorize network traffic?

FortiGate categorizes network traffic primarily through application control and traffic shaping. Application control utilizes deep packet inspection (DPI) to identify and manage applications running over the network, allowing the firewall to classify traffic based on the application layer data rather than solely on port numbers or protocols. This capability enables more granular policy enforcement and security, as it identifies specific applications and can apply corresponding security measures or QoS policies.

Traffic shaping complements application control by managing the bandwidth allocated to different types of traffic. By allowing administrators to set priority levels for various applications or services, FortiGate can ensure performance consistency for critical applications while controlling the bandwidth usage of others.

Other options such as using VPN protocols, analyzing packet size, or monitoring user behavior do not directly refer to how FortiGate categorizes network traffic. While these aspects may play a role in the overall security and analysis functions of FortiGate, they do not primarily serve as the categorization methods for network traffic itself. Hence, the emphasis on application control and traffic shaping accurately captures the core functionalities of traffic categorization within FortiGate devices.